AS Media - Genre Dconstruction - Horror - Scream

The brief:


- To deconstruct a film opening in the same genre as our planned film opening
Analyse the use of:
- Genre conventions
- Location/Setting
- Plot/Narrative (Scene opening)
- Props/Costume

Scream is considered to be a slasher film.

Conventions of a Slasher Film:

The Killer:

Every slasher has a killer. They're usually male, and their identity is often concealed either by a mask or by creative lighting and camerawork. Even if his identity is known, as in the case of Halloween's Michael Myers, he still tends to mask his face. This, combined with the fact that he's usually mute and seemingly unstoppable, heightens his ominous, threatening nature. His back story often includes a childhood trauma that turned him into the homicidal maniac he is, thus creating a level of sympathy in the viewer. Throughout a franchise like Friday the 13th, heroes come and go, but the killer is constant: the iconic antihero valued for speaking softly and carrying a big machete.

The Victims:
In slashers, the victims tend to be young and attractive. They're typically high school- or college-aged adolescents who engage in vice-ridden activities: sex, alcohol, drugs, crime. Rarely does the killer pick these kids explicitly because of their misdeeds, but there is an unwritten moral code in these films that punishes bad behaviour. As nihilistic as they might seem, slasher fans like to know that the people who die somehow "deserve" it.

The Heroine:

Although slashers are often criticized for being misogynistic, they're one of the few film genres that primarily feature strong, independent female leads. The heroine is almost always a friend of the victims, but unlike them, she's virtuous. She doesn't go along with all of the sexual acts and drug usage, and if she doesn't obscurely stop her friends from bullying the geeky outcast who may someday grow into a homicidal killing machine, she at least feels really bad about it. The heroine is also known as the "final girl" because by the end of the movie, all of her friends are dead, and she's left alone to deal with the killer.

The Violence:

One thing that separates slashers from thrillers and murder mysteries is the level of violence. Slashers shift the focus of the film from such trivialities as "plot" and "character development" and instead concentrate on the killing. Storylines are basically constructed around giving the killer reason and opportunity to murder people. The deaths are violent and graphic.


Scream Opening:

Plot/Narrative

The first scenes show a clear equilibrium for the main character as she is at a place of contempt and is serene in her living. This is followed by a  disruption of this moment of peace as we hear the killer call and give threats, also he kidnaps and kills Casey Becker's boyfriend Steve. We eventually see the killer who is wearing a white ghost mask this would be seen as a conventional use of costume in slasher movies as it is a key signifier of the genre because the automatic association with mask is a lack of identity and lack of ability to identify making their connotations automatically negative which subsequently would lead to an assumption of a killer. Secondly this implies that the narrative of the story will follow to some extent Todorov's 5 stage theory (shown below) as we have already been shown an equilibrium and a  disruption to the life of the main character setting the film on a journey to create a new equilibrium.

Todorov's Theory:

The Narrative Theory

Todorov in 1969 produced a theory which he believed to be able to be applied to any film. He believed that all films followed the same narrative pattern. They all went through stages called the equilibrium, disequilibrium, acknowledgement, solving and again equilibrium.

There are five stages the narrative can progress through:

1. A state of equilibrium (All is as it should be.)

2. A disruption of that order by an event.

3. A recognition that the disorder has occurred.

4. An attempt to repair the damage of the disruption.

5. A return or restoration of a NEW equilibrium

Location/Setting:

The house used in the opening scenes is in a remote desolate area which is highly common of horror films as it provides the writer with the ability to have a killer who can do his killing and dirty work and be untraced as only close relatives or love interests usually find out abou the murder and that is where the investigation starts to fid the murderer and avenge the fallen victims of his time. This makes killings more discreet and less open so that there is a disparity and mystery to the killer and his intentions. It is also a very domesticated environment as the majority of the scene takes place inside the house with the exterior threat of the killer being a constant throughout. Tis also shows how Casey Becker is trapped from the beginning and the threat of death is imminent from here being inside however it is also imminent if she goes outside as the killer is out there also. This encapsulates the notion of imminent death within a murder situation perfectly as the victim is trapped and has no control over her pre determined fate.

Props/Costume:

All of the props used are very common of the domestic environment such as pots, pans, furniture and other miscellaneous items that would be found there. This is common of horror movies as most of them are quite modernised and take place on earth this shows the initial conformity of scream as a movie. The costumes are also modernised except for the killer who wears a mask which is highly conventional of the slasher sub genre as it hides the identity of the killer from both the audience ad the victims/character so the investigation as it unfolds becomes an uncovering whereby both the audience and the characters on screen are finding out piece by piece about the killer. This plays on the fear of the unknown which is a primal instinct that we have that s embedded within our species which helps it to both create suspense and fear and to conform to the conventions of a slasher movie.



Links to videos:

AS Media - Sound Deconstruction - Wrong Turn

The Brief:

We were given the task of deconstructing the sound of a film opening.

Wrong Turn

Overview Of Opening Scene:

College students Rich Stoker and Halley Smith were rock climbing deep in a remote forest of West Virginia. When Rich reaches the top, he prepares to help Halley up, but is suddenly murdered. Someone then begins to yank Halley up the cliff so she cuts the rope and falls to the ground before attempting to escape but before she rushes to the car, she trips over a piece of barbed wire and then gets pulled back into the woods, screaming.

Sound;

00:15 - 00:48
The music used in the opening scene of Wrong Turn, is very orchestral to start off with, whilst being highly conventional of horror movies in general, this conforms to the common conventions of slasher films as having what seems to be serene like music and changing the effect of the music from serene to suspenseful  to make and emphasise the dramatics of the scene. This music is for the majority played on strings which add an eerie effect to the opening establishing and aerial shot of the woodland setting. The music starts off at a low pitch followed by drums which conventionally are associated with tribes who were predominantly primal and predatorial making this link to the sub genre of slasher as the killers are usually hunting people making the link between the two clear and instant, this gives the initial connotations of a slasher film as it links heavily to the idea of primitive and primal hunters as the drums are seen as a ritual instrument that would have often been used as an instrument at a sacrificial gathering nor other tribal custom of the sort. This is seen as a heavy influencer in this subgenre as the majority of the killers are behaving in a similar fashion to those of a primeval era.

00:48 - 02:46
Next in the opening scene there is some sound effects of birds tweeting whilst the two character are positioned on a rock, this signifies the isolation that the two have from civilisation as the bird sounds help emphasise the small population of humans in that area and help to remind us of the environment they are in as everything is silent except for the noises of nature. This is conventional of slasher films to have such an isolated environment in regards to sound as they are in unfamiliar territory with not much open landscape or other people to witness the murders of the two. this is common as the killer is conventionally not seen for the majority of the film and usually has some form of lair or a place of refuge where he or she kills their victims so that no one finds out unless they survive an encounter with them. This helps to add a sense of vulnerability to the scene as firstly the two characters are placed on a rock in a jungle like environment and the addition of just natural sounds makes the idea of vulnerability more apparent as they are physically vulnerable because they are positioned on a rock and anyone could come and cut their rope at anytime and the atmosphere created from the tweeting of the birds is very vulnerable as everything seems to be fine however the tone of vulnerability is underlying through the use of this off screen non diegetic sound effect. After this the music is still apparent yet it is at a lower volume then before however it is almost like it is brewing up and gradually finding its volume. After the use of birds tweeting there are a series of sound effects used to help signify the death of Rich Stoker, firstly there is the grunting noise of him assumingly being stabbed or hit as the shock like reaction that he has whilst off screen leads to him subsequently bleeding and dying. This noise is a conventional off screen diegetic sound effect to subtly hint at the idea of someone being killed. This is to conform to the notion of not showing the killer or the murder to create a more suspenseful narrative and to keep it more of a mystery so that the film doesn't become too predictable so that the film becomes monotonous and un appealing. Secondly the sound of blood dripping onto Halley's face as a result of him being killed and hanging over the edge of the cliff shows the imminent danger that Halley is now in and adds to the vulnerability of the scene as she was dependent on Rich to pull her up and no that she has nothing to depend on she becomes more vulnerable and more threatened by the presence of the killer. The music plays very softly and as the events of the first killing arise it becomes significantly louder and faster in pace, as the girl climbing on the rocks falls down after her partner has been killed the music reaches an anti climactic crescendo and a silence proceeds afterwards to hear the breath and shock of the girl after she has fallen right next to the corpse of her partner off of the rocks. This is equally met by a shocked noise created by the strings in an intake of breath-like fashion to signify the recognition in the death of her partner and the further problem of the killer being a threat to her existence arises through this as the sound dictates that the killer knows that they are in the are and will primitively hunt her down and kill her so that there are no witnesses to the death of her partner as in the context of the situation it is used as a tool to show the shock of Halley and to indicate the future actions that are about to unfold.

02:47 - 02:51
Following the shocked noise that is implemented the hysterical laughter of the killer is heard off screen which is accompanied with the noise of branches and leaves being rustled and moved out of the way as the killer proceeds to seek Halley to essentially kill her. This is conventional as it links heavily with the previous primitive nature of killers in slasher movies. This shows the extent that the killer is going to keep the murder a secret which is seen as a common thing within the genre of horror and signifies the stalking nature that killers have as the killer still to this point remains unseen we only hear of him. The apparent hysterical laughter of the killer also sounds like a tribal cry which adds to the primitive nature of the killer as the murder of Halley becomes more of a hunt and less of a killing which portrays the killer in a more animalistic which helps in establishing the level of empathy that the audience feel towards the killer as he does this through a sense of duty that he has to fulfil to remain the way that he is.

00:15 - 03:11
The constant use of small sound effects such as;

Metal clinking that is holding their ropes in place
The noise of rope being pulled and moved
The movement of feet on the rocks
The sudden drop of the rope
Screams and exertions of distress

help to portray the moment of torment and affliction that is caused by the killer through the small details that cause more and more panic. The sounds listed above contribute to the element of panic as they are small and minute but they are placed very compactly together throughout the opening scene to extenuate the idea of trepidation. The element of confusion and dismay are very conventional n portraying characters as vulnerable in horror films as they show that in the moment there is the need for sanction which is unavailable due to their vulnerability in their environment such as the jungle/ forest type setting that both Rich and Halley are situated.

03:04 - 03:11
At the closing stages of the opening scene Halley is retreating to her car to seek salvation as she does so the sound of barbed wire being caught and tightening is heard as an on screen sound effect. This helps to signify the fact that death at this point is seemingly imminent and inescapable. The music reaches a crescendo which is typical of most deaths in film in general although even more so in horror films and especially in slasher films. The crescendo is anti climactic in the sense that after it stops nothing really happens however it is climactic as there is  purposeful silence that has been incorporated so that the audience can hear the death of Halley. After being dragged off screen there is a repeat of the same 'death off screen' notion to keep the identity of the killer a mystery and the way of killing a mystery. As Halley is now assumingly killed as we hear a wet bludgeon noise as if someone was to hit someone over the head with a mace or something that would completely disfigure anything it collides with.

Link to the clip:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGnRVklpSks

AS Media - Genre Deconstruction - The Revenant

The Breif:

To deconstruct a film opening of our choice
Analyse the use of:
- Genre conventions
- Location
- Plot/Narrative (Scene opening)
- Name (Typography)
- Sound (With time stamps)

Links:

 

Part 1 + 2

Genre: Historic/Adventure

Genre is presented through many different mediums in these two opening scenes of The Revenant such as;

- Props

- Costume

- Setting

- Sound

- Plot/Narrative

Plot/Narrative:

The first scenes show a clear equilibrium for the main character Hugh Glass as he is at a place of contempt and is serene in his living with what we can assume is his family, this is followed by a small disruption of this moment of peace as we see a revolution era soldier setting fire to the hut situated in the scene. Initially this sets the location as in native America and shows straight away that this is a historic film as it is far from contemporary as this would be seen as a conventional use of costume in historic movies as it is a key signifier of the genre because the automatic association with an old military outfit is history. Secondly this implies that the narrative of the story will follow to some extent Todorov's 5 stage theory (shown below) as we have already been shown an equilibrium and a minor disruption to the life of the main character setting him on his journey to create a new equilibrium.
 

Todorov's Theory:

The Narrative Theory

Todorov in 1969 produced a theory which he believed to be able to be applied to any film. He believed that all films followed the same narrative pattern. They all went through stages called the equilibrium, disequilibrium, acknowledgement, solving and again equilibrium.

There are five stages the narrative can progress through:

1. A state of equilibrium (All is as it should be.)

2. A disruption of that order by an event.

3. A recognition that the disorder has occurred.

4. An attempt to repair the damage of the disruption.

5. A return or restoration of a NEW equilibrium

Setting:

The setting used is very idyllic and naturalistic landscape which contextually links to the genre and time in which the movie is set, as in the time of the revolution of the 1800 where power was to be restored to the states. The setting is in a forrest and near water with no sight of any set civilisation, this is a very blank and natural setting and shows the small amount of development in this part of the world which is conventional of historic films as it ventures throughout the open and makes it easier for the inclusion of ambushes and fight scenes but ultimately contributes to the genre of adventure as it leaves the landscape open to the audience and to the characters as it allows for much more freedom of movement both literally and in regards to the progression of the narrative. This is conventional of the adventure and history genre as it leaves the landscape for exploring wide and ambiguous enabling the audience to realise and accept that the idea of adventure is imminent in the film.

Sound/Props:

The non diegetic tribal drumming in the background is relevant and conventional of an American revolution movie that is set in the 1800's as there was a higher percentage of native Americans that lived there. Also tribal music and drums are key signifiers of danger and war, thus it conforms to the genre. Stereotypically when we think of a fight scene we may think of hearing different sound effects such as; punching, gunshots, cracking of bones, blood squelch, gunshot fire, the damage on natural environment (bits of tree bark flying off) and many more. There is an intriguing sound effect of an arrow being shot into a tree which not only conforms to the damage of the natural environment but also the genre in its entirety as it is conventional of native Americans to use more medieval weapons such as bows and arrows and clubs. Also more stereotypically the native Americans use tomahawks which is highly conventional of their culture and of the film genre.

Costume:

The most stand out costumes were the military soldier in the first clip as this is a key signifier of revolutionary America, this is on of the biggest hints at the genre as it clearly shows that the film is not contemporary and shows instantly where the film is based. Also the soldier is also a key signifier of war, this links heavily to the genre of history as we usually associate war with history. ALso the costumes of many of the native Americans are filled with feathers and very bland colours usually a shad of tan, this is seen as one of the most stereotypical attires that a native American can have, this makes the audience able to distinguish the difference in time period that this is set in and allows for a better understanding of the background of some of the characters, as their historic context is based off of the knowledge of the audience as if you are aware of the events that occurred in the revolution of the 1800's then people will understand the danger that they faced in that time and the extremities they had to go to to survive

Opening Scene Deconstruction of Chosen Genre 'The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning'

Genre

The genre of this film is 'Slasher Horror'. The audience can easily identify the genre though sound effects and mise-en-scene.

Firstly, there are multiple shots of blood and flesh, clearly identifying the genre.

This therefore conforms to common conventions of the sub-genre and the audience clearly knows what type of film this will be.

Other factors that also identify the genre are diegetic sounds of blood dripping and flesh 'squelching'. These imply that gore and violence will occur in the film, therefore, identifying the genre.

Another feature of the opening scene/credits is the shot of some of the locations used in the film, where murders and specific events have occurred. One of the locations used is in an isolated area, which is one of the 'typical' locations for a 'Slasher' film.

Mise-En-Scene

Throughout the opening scene/credits, multiple photographs are show of young children and babies. This contrasts with the killer in the film as young children are portrayed as being innocent and vulnerable, whereas the killer is ruthless and evil. The use of the photographs shows what the killer was like as a child and how they have changed as they have gotten older.

The 'Doctors Report' implies that the main character has always been different, even as a child. This can seem sinister and creepy as a child murderer is usually seen as a plot twist and subverts the common conventions of young children. In the shot of the report, you can just make out that 'Examinations' were performed on the child. This can come across as disturbing for some viewers  and make the film seem sinister.

Just after this shot, is another image of a report with descriptions of the child. These again are disturbing and can also seem gory, therefore conforming to common conventions of the genre.

Throughout the scene, we see a lot of blood and props to cause pain to people. This therefore shows that the film is a 'Slasher'. It also foreshadows future events that will contain gore and violence.

We also see shots of the character putting on bandages to cover up cuts and to possibly hide their identity. This conforms to the genre and also add tension and mystery to the film as the killer could be anyone.

As I have previously mentioned, the setting shots in the credits/scene support the conventions of the genre as they are located in remote and isolated places. This therefore conforms to the common conventions of the genre.

Another prop used in the scene is of a dead wolf/dog. In this shot, the character, (aged 9) seems to have taken an interest in it. Either he has killed the animal or has found it dead and is interested in it. This also shows the theme of death throughout the film.

There is a shot of a photograph of someone being burned. This could be the killer trying to remove evidence and to hide their identity. This adds suspense to the opening of the film as the audience is left wondering who the killer is and hat they look like.

The lighting in the clip is very dull and dark. This emphasizes the twisted and dark story line behind the character. There is only very dark and dull colours shown throughout the clip, such as brown, black and white and grey. The only bright colour use is red, which is for the blood shown. This highlights the blood showing the audience that this film is graphic and gory.

Sound

In the opening scene/credits, the sound mainly consists of a sound track which is non-diegetic and is parallel to the genre. The music starts of with slow paced strings that are quiet. This start off as being sinister and sly, gradually building up tension.

The sound track then moves to a slightly louder sound and the strings become almost inaudible. The new sound is synthetic but is deep, bold and powerful. This makes the soundtrack dramatic.

The next phase of the soundtrack is of quiet heart beat sounds. This again builds up tension and adrenaline for the audience as they are suspecting something to happen.

The soundtrack then builds up pace and more synthetic sounds are introduced to the music. This plays with the audiences adrenaline levels as before with the heart beat, thy could have been expecting a loud sound to make them jump, whereas instead the soundtrack gradually gets louder.

In the second half of the clip, the synthetic deep sound appears again, yet the faster synthetic sounds and the heartbeat continue to play. This also increases the sound of the the music and speeds up the pace, adding more suspense.

As the opening credits/scene progresses, the sounds get higher pitched, louder and faster. This increases the adrenaline levels of the audience creating a sinister and dramatic effect. At the last few seconds of the clip, the music comes to a halt and everything is silent. This makes the audience suspect that a 'jump' is about to happen and this 'toys' with them as they don't know what to expect anymore.

Throughout the clip, we also hear lots of diegetic and non-diegetic sound effects, such as blood dripping, knives/blades being used and flash being 'played with' etc. These conform to the common conventions of the genre by indicating that there is lots of blood and gore in the film,

We also hear the non-diegetic sounds of an old fashioned camera taking a photograph. The 'click' makes it seem like the character is mentally or physically taking photographs of their work. This shows an obsession. However, it could be interpreted that the killer is being watched by the government or police. This therefore creates suspense, as the audience may wonder if they will ever catch the killer. Another non-diegetic sound that we hear, is a 'swooping' sound, almost as if someone walks past you at a fast pace. This could imply that the killer could be anywhere and is always on the move, creating tension and adrenaline for the audience as they could jump out of no-where.

At the very start of the clip, there is the diegetic dialogue, "He's so beautiful." and "That's the ugliest thing I ever saw." The two lines of dialogue contrast each other and conforms to the stereotypes of men and women, as the woman says that the character is beautiful, showing a maternal side, yet the man says that the character is ugly, showing a dominant and aggressive side.

Another piece of dialogue that is heard is, "Don't worry 'bout it Tommy, you don't have to look pretty to work in the slaughter house." This shows that the character has been brought up killing things and shows that the film has a lot of blood and murder in it, therefore showing that it is a 'Slasher'. This line of dialogue is non-diegetic and this could imply that it is a distant memory, as it is played quietly and in the background making it seem 'ghostly'. This could also imply that the character killed the person who said this.

Typography

The text used in the opening scene/credits is very small and consistent.

Due to both the title of the film and the names of the producers, writers and directors etc. being very small, it shows that they want you to focus on the shots instead of the text.  

Opening Scene Genre Deconstruction 'Captive- AS Media'

Genre

The genre of this opening scene is very clear from the start of the scene, where the 'victim' has their hands tied up and covered in blood, conforming to common conventions of 'Slasher Horror' films. 

The audience can also identify the 'Slasher' genre from the pool of blood around the feet of the victim, also supporting conventions of the chosen genre. The audience can immediately assume that this film will contain lots of gore and some violence. 

Also supporting to the common conventions of 'Slasher' films is the 'middle-of-nowhere' location. 

Mise-En-Scene

In this opening scene, the props, location and 'effects' used largely support the genre. 

When we are faced with the beginning of the scene, the first prop we see is bloodied rope tied around the victims hands. This implies that they have been there for some time, as there is a lot of blood, (both dry and fresh) supporting that they have bled for some time and that the blood has fully dried, showing the length of their imprisonment. 

   

The blood on the victims face and around their feet also supports the sub-genre that they have chosen to focus on.

The use of the security camera implies that the prisoner is being watched all of the time and that the 'watcher' is anonymous. This creates an eerie effect, as the 'watcher' could be anyone and could be anywhere.

The scene that the group have used conforms to the common conventions of the genre as this opening has been used in an abandoned location. The audience can clearly see that the building is no longer in use due to the graffiti on the walls and the nature growing into the space. This shows that the building is un-cared for and that no one goes there anymore. Due to this, a creepy and tense effect has been created as the audience don't know what will happen to the victim and if he will survive or escape.

Again, the use of the security cameras and the different camera angles of them shows that the victim is constantly being watched and has no chance of escaping because the 'watcher' has a full view of the area.

When the security camera screen breaks up, this implies that something is about to happen which creates tension and suspense. This also gives evidence of a deserted area as there is not enough signal to display the images on the screen.

The use of the danger sign also shows that the area is dangerous and should be avoided. Due to the character ignoring this sign, foreshadows the future events and makes the audience question why the character chose to ignore the sign, intriguing the audience and making them want to watch more of the film.

In the flashback, we get another glimpse at the setting, which is in the woods. Again this is in a 'middle-of-nowhere' location, which conforms to the common conventions of 'Slasher-Horror'.

The use of the dolls makes the opening scene seem creepy. Dolls are common props used in a lot of horror films. This is due to the illusion that they are watching you and that they can become 'alive'.

Sound

At the start of the scene, we hear faint diegetic dripping sounds which could indicate the victims blood dripping. This conforms to the common conventions of the genre by implying that blood and violence has been used. Due to the audience only being able to hear this sound faintly and that this is the only sound that we can hear also shows that the area in the scene is abandoned and is in 'the-middle-of-nowhere'.
The next sound we hear is synthetic, diegetic computer/camera sounds. This makes the camera appear to be calculating/videoing the character. This makes the character look as if he is being observed and creates tension and suspense.
Next we hear synthetic, non-diegetic screeching sounds. Although these are faint is creates an eerie atmosphere and implies that something is about to happen. After a moment of silence, where suspense is created, we hear another synthetic, non-diegetic sound. This time it is more of a crashing sound and is louder. This again raises the adrenaline levels of the audience, as before they were probably quite low. By gradually raising and lowering the adrenaline levels creates suspense and the audience don't know when something unexpected and scary is about to happen. At the same time as the crash, we hear the diegetic sound of the victim spitting out the blood. This emphasizes the amount o blood that he has lost due to the violence that he has been through. This sound is parallel to the genre.
The non-diegetic fast paced string sounds that appear after the crash are heard for some time to elongate the dramatic effect of the crashing sound. The scene then goes quiet for a moment, when we hear some more non-diegetic string sounds however, this time they are more high pitched and are at a slower pace. This again builds up adrenaline and tension for the audience and signals that something else is about to happen.
Next we hear the character breathing, which shows that he is panicking and scared of the situation. We also hear him splashing his feet in the pool of blood around his feet. This again emphasizes the gore and violence. The audience can then hear diegetic dialogue of the character saying something inaudible, showing the confusion and unease of the character. Soon after this, the audience hears the diegetic sound of the camera breaking signal and the buzzing of the screen. This is louder than the dialogue and comes unexpectedly, again raising the adrenaline of the audience.
We then hear the diegetic dialogue "Help!" from the character. The character yells this to make the scene seem dramatic. This dialogue is repeated by the victim constantly. Due to no one coming to rescue him, also shows that the area that he is in is deserted and abandoned. All whilst the dialogue is going on, the high pitched string sounds are increasing in pitch and pace, which increases tension and suspense. All of a sudden, the sound stops to indicate that something is about to happen and then the scene ends.          

Typography

The font used throughout the scene is consistent. This adds a high quality and professional finish to the clip.

The font used is bold and easy to see. Although the text itself isn't straight, it is in uniform and looks neat. This contrasts with the genre as we'd expect the text to be messy and appear to be written in blood to show the genre. However the font used loos professional. When the text appear on the screen, it flickers and moves position. This reflects the broken TV image from the security cameras and makes the text look uneasy and jittery. This also implies that there will be unexpected things happening and nothing is going to flow or be simple and easy in the rest of the film.

The film title is displayed at the end of the scene so that the audience can remember it and so that it stands out more. The font is the same as the other text however it is much larger so that it stands out as this is a more important piece of text and needs to appear more dramatic.     

Camera Angles

The close up of the victim's hands, feet and face empathizes the fact that he is unable to move and is trapped. It also highlights the blood so that the audience knows that this film genre is a 'Slasher-Horror'.

The close up of the camera also highlights that he is being watched.

The different camera angles of the area imply that the 'watcher' can see everything and has full control over the situation. It also shows that they have more power as there are low angles of the victim, making him look small and weak.

The canted, POV angle used shows the victims disorientation and confusion of the situation. It also implies that he has been unconscious, showing that he has been thorough violence, therefore conforming to common conventions of the genre.

The extreme close-up shot of the character's ear and cheek shows off the injuries that he has obtained, therefore conforming to common conventions of the genre.

The POV shot of the 'killer' watching the man makes his look vulnerable as he does not know that he is being watched. It also makes the scene seem creepy as the killer could be anyone and could do anything at any time.